Travel & Tours Advisers Incorporated v. Alberto Cruz, Sr., et. al.

  Travel & Tours Advisers Incorporated v. Alberto Cruz, Sr., et. al., 

G.R. No. 199282, 

March 14, 2016.

DOCTRINE:

In the present case, it has been established that the proximate cause of the death

of Alberto Cruz, Jr. is the negligence of petitioner's bus driver, with the contributory

negligence of respondent Edgar Hernandez, the driver and owner of the jeepney,

hence, the heirs of Alberto Cruz, Jr. shall recover damages of only 50% of the

award from petitioner and its driver. Necessarily, 50% shall be bourne by

respondent Edgar Hernandez.

FACTS:

Respondent Edgar Hernandez was driving an Isuzu Passenger Jitney (jeepney)

that he owns along Angeles-Magalang Road, Barangay San Francisco, Magalang,

Pampanga, on January 9, 1998, around 7:50 p.m. Meanwhile,. a Daewoo

passenger bus (RCJ Bus Lines) owned by petitioner Travel and Tours Advisers,

Inc. and driven by Edgar Calaycay travelled in the same direction as that of

respondent Edgar Hernandez vehicle. Thereafter, the bus bumped the rear portion

of the jeepney causing it to ram into an acacia tree which resulted in the death of

Alberto Cruz, Jr. and the serious physical injuries of Virginia Muñoz.

Thus, respondents Edgar Hernandez, Virginia Muñoz and Alberto Cruz, Sr., father

of the deceased Alberto Cruz, Jr., filed a complaint for damages, docketed as Civil

Case No. 9006 before the RTC claiming that the collision was due to the reckless,

negligent and imprudent manner by which Edgar Calaycay was driving the bus, in

complete disregard to existing traffic laws, rules and regulations, and praying that

judgment be rendered ordering Edgar Calaycay and petitioner Travel & Tours

Advisers, Inc. to pay them.

For its defense, the petitioner claimed that it exercised the diligence of a good

father of a family in the selection and supervision of its employee Edgar Calaycay

and further argued that it was Edgar Hernandez who was driving his passenger

jeepney in a reckless and imprudent manner by suddenly entering the lane of the

petitioner's bus without seeing to it that the road was clear for him to enter said

lane. In addition, petitioner alleged that at the time of the incident, Edgar

Hernandez violated his franchise by travelling along an unauthorized line/route and

that the jeepney was overloaded with passengers, and the deceased Alberto Cruz,

Jr. was clinging at the back thereof.

ISSUE:

Whether the contributory negligence of the jeepney driver will still make him

entitled to damages?

HELD:

Yes. But petitioner’s liability is mitigated.

At the time of the vehicular accident, the jeepney was in violation of its allowed

route as found by the RTC and the CA, hence, the owner and driver of the jeepney

likewise, are guilty of negligence as defined under Article 2179 of the Civil Code,

which reads as follows:When the plaintiffs negligence was the immediate and

proximate cause of his injury, he cannot recover damages. But if his negligence

was only contributory, the immediate and proximate cause of the injury being the

defendant's lack of due care, the plaintiff may recover damages, but the courts

shall mitigate the damages to be awarded.

The petitioner and its driver, therefore, are not solely liable for the damages caused

to the victims. The petitioner must thus be held liable only for the damages actually

caused by his negligence.21 It is, therefore, proper to mitigate the liability of the

petitioner and its driver. The determination of the mitigation of the defendant's

liability varies depending on the circumstances of each case.

In the present case, it has been established that the proximate cause of the death

of Alberto Cruz, Jr. is the negligence of petitioner's bus driver, with the contributory

negligence of respondent Edgar Hernandez, the driver and owner of the jeepney,

hence, the heirs of Alberto Cruz, Jr. shall recover damages of only 50% of the

award from petitioner and its driver. Necessarily, 50% shall be bourne by

respondent Edgar Hernandez.